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Findings Archive

Math chose these. Not us.

Each entry was flagged by the statistical model after the baseline period. Each row is cryptographically hashed, timestamped, and chained. We didn't pick them. The deviation from normal did.

Read the full reports (4 PDFs) →
Dead Man's Curve · public-safety exposure

Detections inside the height-velocity hazard envelope

Every row below is a flight detected at or under 500 ft while airborne — the altitude band where a helicopter has no time to autorotate to a survivable landing if the engine fails. Reference: FAA AC 90-87C (Helicopter Height-Velocity Diagram). Altitude here is reported barometric; negative and zero-altitude transponder anomalies are excluded.

Detections ≤ 500 ft
145,422
Unique aircraft
15,385
≤ 500 ft AND < 60 kts
74,574
Window
2026-05-21 → 2026-08-25
Top aircraft inside the envelope
  1. 01. N4053T · min 0 ft1,365
  2. 02. N974TA · min 0 ft1,339
  3. 03. N408MR · min 0 ft1,275
  4. 04. N5743H · min 0 ft1,041
  5. 05. N123GJ · min 175 ft1,035

Click a tail number to pull every detection and export CSV.

Anomaly events

All counties · 50Kern only · 0
8/25/2026, 5:41:05 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~2B3FDC

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 5:41:05 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · N841X

SCORE 28.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast

8/25/2026, 5:36:29 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~2B01C6

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 5:29:32 PM

MASKED_ALTITUDE · N330HT

SCORE 34.00

[EXTENDED] Tactical Masking: Aircraft hiding altitude telemetry

8/25/2026, 5:27:13 PM

SLOW_ORBIT · N330HT

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Slow Orbit: 10kts at 175ft

8/25/2026, 5:27:13 PM

LOW_ALTITUDE · N330HT

SCORE 38.00

[EXTENDED] FAR 91.119 Violation (CONGESTED). Alt: 175ft. Required Floor: 1000ft MSL.

8/25/2026, 5:25:26 PM

GRAPH_HANDOFF · N415P

SCORE 30.00SANTA BARBARA

Graph handoff: a4e7f8->ab00a3 repeated 2x (avg gap: 139s, county: SANTA BARBARA). Coordinated behavior inconsistent with independent flight assumption.

8/25/2026, 5:24:54 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~2B0105

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 5:22:35 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~29B9FB

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 5:22:35 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~2B00DB

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 5:22:35 PM

LOW_ALTITUDE · N4300T

SCORE 36.40

[EXTENDED] FAR 91.119 Violation (CONGESTED). Alt: 900ft. Required Floor: 1000ft MSL.

8/25/2026, 5:15:37 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~FCFB96

SCORE 32.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 5:15:37 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~2B3F73

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 5:15:37 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~2B006A

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 5:15:23 PM

GRAPH_HANDOFF · N608PG

SCORE 75.00MADERA

Graph handoff: a7e643->a62b67 repeated 5x (avg gap: 139s, county: MADERA). Coordinated behavior inconsistent with independent flight assumption.

8/25/2026, 5:13:19 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · N417MA

SCORE 28.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast

8/25/2026, 5:08:34 PM

LOW_ALTITUDE · N9557U

SCORE 38.00

[EXTENDED] FAR 91.119 Violation (CONGESTED). Alt: 400ft. Required Floor: 1000ft MSL.

8/25/2026, 5:06:16 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · N497PJ

SCORE 32.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 5:06:16 PM

LOW_ALTITUDE · N49343

SCORE 38.00

[EXTENDED] FAR 91.119 Violation (CONGESTED). Alt: 200ft. Required Floor: 1000ft MSL.

8/25/2026, 5:06:16 PM

SLOW_ORBIT · N49343

SCORE 37.10

[EXTENDED] Slow Orbit: 4kts at 200ft

8/25/2026, 5:06:16 PM

SLOW_ORBIT · N1752T

SCORE 74.15

[PRIMARY] Slow Orbit: 42kts at 400ft

8/25/2026, 5:03:57 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · N609WB

SCORE 28.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast

8/25/2026, 5:01:37 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~29B939

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast

8/25/2026, 5:01:37 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · N4948S

SCORE 28.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast

8/25/2026, 5:01:37 PM

LOW_ALTITUDE · N573TT

SCORE 95.00

[PRIMARY] FAR 91.119 Violation (CONGESTED). Alt: 550ft. Required Floor: 1000ft MSL.

8/25/2026, 5:01:37 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · 29BA6B

SCORE 32.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 5:01:37 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~2B3F4E

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 5:01:37 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~2B3F7A

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 4:59:18 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · N49343

SCORE 32.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 4:59:18 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · N150RC

SCORE 28.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast

8/25/2026, 4:56:59 PM

LOW_ALTITUDE · N3598U

SCORE 36.60

[EXTENDED] FAR 91.119 Violation (CONGESTED). Alt: 850ft. Required Floor: 1000ft MSL.

8/25/2026, 4:56:59 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~2B3DCB

SCORE 28.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast

8/25/2026, 4:54:33 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~2B3EFC

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 4:52:15 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · 29B8BE

SCORE 32.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 4:52:15 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~29B8BE

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 4:49:38 PM

LOW_ALTITUDE · N47885

SCORE 38.00

[EXTENDED] FAR 91.119 Violation (CONGESTED). Alt: 300ft. Required Floor: 1000ft MSL.

8/25/2026, 4:49:38 PM

IMPOSSIBLE_PHYSICS · N14AJ

SCORE 100.00

[EXTENDED] IMPOSSIBLE PHYSICS: Aircraft moving at 77kts while reporting 0ft altitude. Electronic Spoofing Confirmed.

8/25/2026, 4:49:38 PM

IMPOSSIBLE_PHYSICS · N5358D

SCORE 100.00

[EXTENDED] IMPOSSIBLE PHYSICS: Aircraft moving at 76kts while reporting 0ft altitude. Electronic Spoofing Confirmed.

8/25/2026, 4:47:16 PM

LOW_ALTITUDE · N6152B

SCORE 94.00

[PRIMARY] FAR 91.119 Violation (CONGESTED). Alt: 600ft. Required Floor: 1000ft MSL.

8/25/2026, 4:45:16 PM

GRAPH_HANDOFF · N5743H

SCORE 75.00VENTURA

Graph handoff: a7600e->a485cf repeated 5x (avg gap: 140s, county: VENTURA). Coordinated behavior inconsistent with independent flight assumption.

8/25/2026, 4:45:16 PM

GRAPH_HANDOFF · N497PJ

SCORE 90.00MADERA

Graph handoff: a62b67->a7e643 repeated 6x (avg gap: 139s, county: MADERA). Coordinated behavior inconsistent with independent flight assumption.

8/25/2026, 4:44:56 PM

IMPOSSIBLE_PHYSICS · N7831B

SCORE 100.00

[EXTENDED] IMPOSSIBLE PHYSICS: Aircraft moving at 81kts while reporting 0ft altitude. Electronic Spoofing Confirmed.

8/25/2026, 4:44:56 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · ~2B3E6D

SCORE 36.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 4:40:18 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · AE688E

SCORE 61.00

[VALIDATED: DUPLICATE_ICAO_CONFLICT] Multiple simultaneous distinct positions (3) reported for ICAO address. Confirmed signal spoofing. [EXTENDED] Spoofing: MLAT position, Low NIC (0)

8/25/2026, 4:40:18 PM

LOW_ALTITUDE · N55VE

SCORE 38.00

[EXTENDED] FAR 91.119 Violation (CONGESTED). Alt: 250ft. Required Floor: 1000ft MSL.

8/25/2026, 4:40:18 PM

IMPOSSIBLE_PHYSICS · N64KA

SCORE 100.00

[PRIMARY] IMPOSSIBLE PHYSICS: Aircraft moving at 89kts while reporting 0ft altitude. Electronic Spoofing Confirmed.

8/25/2026, 4:40:18 PM

MASKED_ALTITUDE · N821VV

SCORE 34.00

[EXTENDED] Tactical Masking: Aircraft hiding altitude telemetry

8/25/2026, 4:40:18 PM

SPOOFING_SIGNAL · N174B

SCORE 28.00

[EXTENDED] Spoofing: TIS-B rebroadcast

8/25/2026, 4:38:00 PM

IMPOSSIBLE_PHYSICS · N9168Q

SCORE 100.00

[EXTENDED] IMPOSSIBLE PHYSICS: Aircraft moving at 155kts while reporting 0ft altitude. Electronic Spoofing Confirmed.

8/25/2026, 4:38:00 PM

MASKED_ALTITUDE · N9168Q

SCORE 34.00

[EXTENDED] Tactical Masking: Aircraft hiding altitude telemetry

See also · Public datasets
Violations Log

Hashed airspace violations w/ severity & coordinates.

Threat Index

WTI tier breakdown + top scoring events.

Operators

Resolved operators with shell-company links.

ML Detections

Model-flagged anomalies w/ disclosed lineage.